Dr Nortley has some great advice to defend your skin from the environmental factors that come hand in hand with a bustling city life.

Pollutants have been shown to reduce levels of antioxidants in the body, which can have a knock-on effect on the skin. Therefore, skin products rich in antioxidants can be beneficial, such as vitamin C, vitamin E or retinol serums (but you have to be mindful of protecting your skin from the sun while using these ingredients).

Dr Nortley adds, “L-ascorbic acid is a great ingredient for skin in the city. It neutralises free radicals that was formed by pollution.” A good moisturiser can also be a great barrier to help the skin hold off pollutants.

SPF protection is a hot topic during the sunny weather but blocking UV rays actually helps protect your skin from pollutants too. Dr Nortley recommends “SPF for everyone, even if you’re inside at a desk all day. Just because you’re not outside enjoying the countryside doesn’t mean harmful UVA rays won’t reach you!”

Cleansing your skin sufficiently after exposure to pollutants is also crucial. Dr Nortley advises, “Double cleanse at night-time to clear all the debris! People using cleansers for oilier skin may want to use something gentler or more hydrating for the first cleanse.”

Her last tip is to take a deep breath, “City life can be stressful, and stress causes premature skin ageing. Find ways to chill!”